Keeping Hackers Off the Electrical Grid | News
ORNL researchers showed how to encode grid operating data into a unique color pattern hidden inside a single video frame, which can be transmitted to a grid control center computer using a Fibonacci sequence to encode/decode each sensor reading.
Credit: Oak Ridge National Laboratory
As attacks on grid substations increase—by 70% in 2022 alone, according to the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)—engineers there are anticipating new attack vectors and taking measures to protect from hackers using them.
“As researchers, we try to stay ahead of cyber threats, not just react to them after they occur,” said ORNL’s Peter Fuhr, who heads its Grid Communications and Security group. Fuhr’s group recently demonstrated a new method of using a rotating color wheel to encode grid sensor data subliminally into a video feed, and using a novel Fibonacci sequence decoding key that rotates the color-wheel so each sensor reading uses a unique color code.
“ORNL has invented a compelling method to protect our critical grid infrastructure that builds upon known encryption technology,” said Sterling Rooke, chief executive officer (CEO) of Brixon Inc. (Baltimore) , a company that manufactures electrical power monitoring instruments. “With the right application, there will be a need for this novel implementation—a kind of steganography that conceals critical information within the existing live video feeds from the grid substations themselves.”
The technique, Fuhr says, translates the encrypted character codes utilities use today to a color-code hidden in video feeds from cameras that already monitor substation activity. EPB (formerly the Electric Power Board, Chattanooga, TN) successfully tested the technique for six months using a virtual local area network (VLAN) link between the central-EPB grid control center and its substations. “We proved the concept in the lab at ORNL, then extended the testing to a nearby substation, and eventually installed the color encoding/decoding equipment at both the EPB substation and its central-control computer,” said Fuhr. “It’s the real deal—tested and…
