Sina Khanifar, a technology fellow at the Electronic Frontier Foundation and a long-outspoken advocate for cellphone unlocking, recently reviewed the major U.S. wireless carriers’ policies and practices since they reached a voluntary agreement to unlock former customers’ smartphones so they can switch carriers.

You might be surprised to learn that most carriers are not sticking to the agreement very well.

A little background on the policy – after years of criticism from relatively niche technology and privacy advocates, by late 2013 the wireless carriers found themselves the targets of mainstream criticism for their refusal to unlock former customers’ smartphones. This, of course, prevented customers from switching carriers and often forced them to sign new contracts with them. Even the White House called for reform on the issue, and FCC Chairman Tom Wheeler threatened to impose new regulations on the practice if the industry didn’t voluntarily change its unlocking policies. The carriers chose the latter and, through a letter from wireless trade organization CTIA, promised to reach an agreement.

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